区块链在汽车行业中的应用综述

陈若宇

doi:10.12299/jsues.21-0157

区块链在汽车行业中的应用综述

doi: 10.12299/jsues.21-0157

陈若宇

广西民族大学电子信息学院, 南宁 530006

详细信息

作者简介:
陈若宇（1996−），女，在读硕士，研究方向为计算机网络、信号处理. E-mail：anny169@foxmail.com

中图分类号: F274; TP311.13; U491
计量
- 文章访问数: 215
- HTML全文浏览量: 155
- PDF下载量: 48
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-13
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-16
- 刊出日期: 2022-06-30

Overview of blockchain applications in automotive industry

CHEN Ruoyu

School of Electronic Information, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China

摘要

摘要:
因具有去中心化、开放性、自治性、信息不可篡改性和匿名性，区块链技术具有广阔的应用前景. 梳理区块链在汽车行业中的应用，主要在汽车制造、汽车共享、汽车保险、新能源汽车等4个方面的应用现状和典型框架模型，分析区块链在汽车行业应用中存在的挑战和未来的研究方向. 结果表明，其应用在安全数据存储和数据管控、智能合约和DAPP开发技术、网络优化、多方利益分配、国家政策规章等方面仍有待进一步突破.
- 区块链 /
- 汽车 /
- 应用
Abstract:
Due to its decentralization, openness, autonomy, information tampering and anonymity, blockchain technology has broad application prospects. Focusing on the application of blockchain in the automotive industry, the application status of blockchain technology and typical framework model were summarized in four aspects: automobile manufacturing, car sharing, automobile insurance, and new energy vehicles. The challenges and future research directions of blockchain application in the automotive industry were analyzed. The result shows that its applications in secure data storage and data control, smart contract and DAPP development technology, network optimization, benefit distribution, policies and regulations still need further breakthroughs .
- blockchain /
- automobile /
- application

HTML全文

图 1 区块链的结构

Figure 1. Structure of the blockchain

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 区块链应用于汽车制造典型模型

Figure 2. Model of blockchain application in automotive manufacturing

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 基于区块链的汽车保险模型

Figure 3. Automobile insurance model based on blockchain

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 典型的基于区块链的车辆充电框架模型

Figure 4. A typical blockchain-based vehicle charging framework model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 区块链分类

Table 1. Blockchain classification

关键技术	公有链	联盟链	私有链
开放度	完全开放	特定节点开放	向个人/实体开放
读取权限	所有人	联盟内部	个人/实体
写入权限	所有人	联盟内部	个人/实体
共识难度	困难	容易	容易
交易速度	低	高	极高
去中心化程度	完全去中心化	部分去中心化	部分去中心化

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(37)

[1]	申桂英. 2020年中国汽车工业经济运行情况[J] . 精细与专用化学品,2021,29(2):5.
[2]	康重庆. 能源互联网促进实现“双碳”目标[J] . 全球能源互联网,2021,4(3):205 − 206.
[3]	李旭, 熊勇清. “双积分”政策对新能源车企研发投入的影响分析[J] . 科学学研究,2021,39(10):1770 − 1780. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-2053.2021.10.005
[4]	NAKAMOTO S . Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system [EB/OL]. (2018-05-04) [2021-06-18]. https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf.
[5]	王佳. 区块链技术如何赋能汽车产业?[J] . 汽车纵横,2020(11):57 − 59. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1892.2020.11.024
[6]	SINGH P K, SINGH R, NANDI S. V-CARE: A blockchain based framework for secure vehicle health record system[J] . IEEE COMSOC MMTC Communications-Frontiers,2020,15(4):12 − 17.
[7]	链圈晚报. 区块链的三种基本类型[EB/OL]. (2019-07-30)[2021-06-19].https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/75768542.
[8]	华尚科技. 区块链的三大类型分别是什么?[EB/OL]. (2020-06-16)[2021-06-17]. https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/148929954.
[9]	李杨. 区块链技术解析与应用研究[J] . 自动化博览,2020(7):66 − 69.
[10]	区块链中的架构层是否你想象中的那样[EB/OL]. (2020-07-21)[2021-06-19]. https://www.sohu.com/a/408845280_120390085?_trans_=000014_bdss_dkjhl.
[11]	舟丹. 区块链的发展阶段[J] . 中外能源,2019(12):44.
[12]	CAM中企矩阵. 区块链的发展分为哪几个阶段来了解下[EB/OL]. (2018-07-20)[2021-06-19]. https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42673075/article/details/81130902.
[13]	何蒲, 于戈, 张岩峰, 等. 区块链技术与应用前瞻综述[J] . 计算机科学,2017,44(4):1 − 7,15.
[14]	JOSHI A P, MENG H, YAN W. A survey on security and privacy issues of blockchain technology[J] . Mathematical Foundations of Computing,2018,1(2):121 − 147. doi: 10.3934/mfc.2018007
[15]	邵奇峰, 金澈清, 张召, 等. 区块链技术: 架构及进展[J] . 计算机学报,2018,41(5):969 − 988.
[16]	FERNANDEZ-CARAMES T M, BLANCO-NOVOA O, SUAREZ-ALBELA M, et al. A UAV and blockchain-based system for industry 4.0 inventory and traceability applications[J] . Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Proceedings,2018,4(1):26. doi: 10.3390/s19102394.
[17]	FERNANDEZ-CARAMES T M, FRAGA-LAMAS P. A review on human-centered IoT-connected smart labels for the industry 4.0[J] . IEEE Access,2018,6:25939 − 25957. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2833501.
[18]	HEBER D, GROLL M W. Towards a digital twin: How the blockchain can foster E/E-traceability in consideration of model-based systems engineering[C]// Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 17). Vancouver: the Design Society, 2017.
[19]	QI Q L, TAO F. Digital twin and big data towards smart manufacturing and industry 4.0: 360 degree comparison[J] . IEEE Access,2018, 6:3585 − 3593.
[20]	吕凤军, 佘邵镔. 基于区块链技术的汽车配件追溯系统构建研究[J] . 浙江交通职业技术学院学报,2021,22(1):33 − 36,42. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-234X.2021.01.007
[21]	REIMERS T, LEBER F, LECHNER U. Integration of blockchain and internet of things in a car supply chain[C]// Proceedings of 2019 IEEE International Conference on Decentralized Applications and Infrastructures (DAPPCON). California: IEEE, 2019.
[22]	林畅, 姚剑敏, 林志贤, 等. 基于区块链的汽车租赁方案设计[J] . 计算机工程与设计,2021,42(1):270 − 278.
[23]	AGYEKUM O , XIA Q , SIFAH E B , et al. V-Chain: A blockchain-based car lease platform[C]// Proceedings of 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData). Halifax: IEEE, 2018.
[24]	BLOCKCHAIN MAGAZINE. Car renting and leasing becomes easy and fun loving with HireGo[EB/OL]. (2020-01-10)[2021-07-19]. https://blockchainmagazine.net/car-renting-and-leasing-becomes-easy-and-fun-loving-with-hirego/.
[25]	孔祥科,李树彬,李青桐. 物联网环境下共享停车区块链模型研究[J] . 山东建筑大学学报,2022,37(1):92 − 99.
[26]	FRAGA-LAMAS P, FERNANDEZ-CARAMES T M, et al. A review on blockchain technologies for an advanced and cyber-resilient automotive industry[J] . IEEE Access,2019,7:17578 − 17598.
[27]	LAMBERTI F, GATTESCHI V, DEMARTINI C, et al. Blockchains can work for car insurance: Using smart contracts and sensors to provide on-demand coverage[J] . IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine,2018,7(4):72 − 81.
[28]	BADER L, BURGER J C , MATZUTT R, et al. Smart contract-based car insurance policies[C]// Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference. Abu Dhabi: IEEE, 2018.
[29]	裴凤雀, 崔锦瑞, 董晨景, 等. 区块链在分布式电力交易中的研究领域及现状分析[J] . 中国电机工程学报,2021,41(5):1752 − 1771.
[30]	KNIRSCH F, UNTERWEGER A, ENGEL D. Privacy-preserving blockchain-based electric vehicle charging with dynamic tariff decisions[J] . Computer Science-Research and Development,2018,33(1/2):71 − 79.
[31]	HUANG X H, XU C, WANG P F, et al. LNSC: A security model for electric vehicle and charging pile management based on blockchain ecosystem[J] . IEEE Access,2018, 6:1.
[32]	KANG J W, YU R, HUANG X M, et al. Enabling localized peer-to-peer electricity trading among plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using consortium blockchains[J] . IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2017,13(6):3154-3164.
[33]	LIU H, ZHANG Y, YANG T. Blockchain-enabled security in electric vehicles cloud and edge computing[J] . IEEE Network,2018,32(3):78 − 83. doi: 10.1109/MNET.2018.1700344
[34]	王浩然, 陈思捷, 严正, 等. 基于区块链的电动汽车充电站充电权交易: 机制、模型和方法[J] . 中国电机工程学报,2020,40(2):425 − 436.
[35]	ETSI. Multi-access edge computing (MEC)[EB/OL]. (2020-07-10)[2020-07-10]. https: //www. etsi. org/technologies/multi-access-edgecomputing.
[36]	林诗意, 张磊, 刘德胜. 基于区块链智能合约的应用研究综述[J] . 计算机应用研究,2021,38(9):2570 − 2581.
[37]	喻小宝, 郑丹丹. 区块链技术在能源电力领域的应用及展望[J] . 华电技术,2020,42(8):17 − 23. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1951.2020.08.003