Structural optimization of cathode steel bar for 400 kA aluminum electrolytic cell
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摘要:
采用有限元仿真计算法对400 kA铝电解槽进行传统阴极钢棒结构和异型阴极钢棒结构下电场仿真模拟，主要包括阴极电压压降和铝液水平电流大小. 通过分析异型阴极钢棒结构，提出一种改进阴极钢棒结构，此阴极钢棒具有凸起并延伸的特点. 研究表明，改进阴极钢棒使铝电解槽电压和铝液水平电流进一步降低，提高了电解槽电流效率，单个槽子能耗降低约33.6 kW•h，改善了电解铝的稳定性.
Abstract:Finite element simulation method was used to simulate the electric field of 400 kA aluminum electrolytic cell under the traditional cathode steel bar structure and the special-shaped cathode steel bar structure, which mainly included the cathode voltage drop and the level current of aluminum liquid. An improved structure of cathode steel bar was proposed by analyzing the abnormal structure of the cathode steel bar. The cathode steel bar has the characteristics of bulge and extension. The result shows that the improved cathode steel bar can further reduce the voltage and level current of aluminum electrolytic cell, thus improving the current efficiency of electrolytic cell, reducing the energy consumption of a single cell by about 33.6 kW•h, and improving the stability of electrolytic aluminum.
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Key words:
- aluminum electrolytic cell /
- cathode steel bar /
- cathode voltage /
- level current
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图 9 传统阴极与异型阴极铝液水平电流
Figure 9. Aluminum liquid level current of between traditional cathode and special-shaped cathode
图 12 不同高度改进阴极钢棒铝液水平电流
Figure 12. Aluminum liquid level current of improved cathode steel bar at different heights
表 1 材料参数
Table 1. Material parameters
参数 铝导杆 钢爪 磷生铁 阳极炭块 电解质 铝液 阴极炭块 阴极钢棒 电导率/(S•m−1) 2.6×107 3.3×106 2.96×105 3.9×104 2.1×102 4.2×106 2.6×104 1.3×106 
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表 2 电压测量值与仿真计算值
Table 2. Voltage measured value and simulation calculated value
部位 电压测量值/mV 电压仿真计算值/mV 阳极 — 265.0 电解质及铝液 — 1480.0 阴极 299.2 295.1 总压降 2056.0 2040.1
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