Preparation and characterization of SPTA−PVA/CDA−GO/PVDF composite membrane
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摘要:
用1,4−环己二胺（CDA）修饰氧化石墨烯（GO），利用4−磺基邻苯二甲酸（SPTA）对聚乙烯醇（PVA）进行交联，以亲水化的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）超滤膜为底膜，通过真空过滤与滴涂，制备SPTA−PVA/CDA−GO/PVDF复合膜. 采用全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR−FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和接触角测试对复合膜表征，并测试复合膜的渗透汽化脱盐性能. 结果表明，CDA修饰扩大了GO纳米片的层间距，增加了CDA−GO层的透水性；交联PVA层提高了复合膜的表面亲水性和稳定性，增强了复合膜吸水性和水传输性能. 复合膜在70 ℃对质量分数为3.5%的氯化钠（NaCl）水溶液获得15.6 kg/(m2•h)的水通量和99.99%的脱盐率.
Abstract:Graphene oxide (GO) was modified by 1,4−cyclohexanediamine (CDA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was crosslinked by 4−sulfophthalic acid (SPTA). Hydrophilized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane as support, SPTA−PVA/CDA−GO/PVDF composite membrane was prepared through vacuum filtration and drop coating. The composite membrane was characterized by ATR−FTIR, SEM and contact angle, and the pervaporation desalination performance of composite membrane was tested. The results show that the modification of CDA extended the interlayer spacing of GO nanosheets, thus improving the water permeability of CDA−GO layer, and the crosslinked PVA layer enhanced the surface hydrophilicity and stability of composite membrane, consequently, improved the water absorption and water transport properties of composite membrane. The composite membrane obtained a flux of 15.6 kg/(m2•h) and a rejection of 99.99% when treating with concentration of 3.5% NaCl solution at 70 ℃.
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Key words:
- pervaporation /
- desalination /
- graphene oxide /
- polyvinyl alcohol
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图 1 SPTA−PVA/CDA−GO/PVDF 膜的制造图解
Figure 1. Illustration of fabrication of SPTA−PVA/CDA−GO/PVDF membrane
图 3 GO/PVDF (a, d)、CDA−GO/PVDF (b) 和SPTA−PVA/CDA−GO/PVDF (c, e, f) 膜SEM表面和截面图像
Figure 3. Surface and cross-sectional SEM images of GO/PVDF (a, d), CDA−GO/PVDF (b)and SPTA−PVA/CDA−GO/PVDF (c, e, f) membranes
图 5 不同SPTA含量的复合膜的渗透汽化脱盐性能
Figure 5. Pervaporation desalination performance of composite membranes with different SPTA contents
图 6 不同CDA浓度的复合膜的渗透汽化脱盐性能
Figure 6. Pervaporation desalination performance of composite membranes with different CDA concentrations
图 7 M7在不同浓度盐溶液中的渗透汽化脱盐性能
Figure 7. Pervaporation desalination performance of M7 with different salt concentrations
图 8 M7在不同进料温度下的渗透汽化脱盐性能
Figure 8. Pervaporation desalination performance of M7 at different feed temperatures
表 1 膜编号及对应膜的组成
Table 1. Membrane number and composition of corresponding membrane
膜编号 c(GO)/(mg•mL−1) c(CDA)/(mol•L−1) ωPVA/% ωSPTA/% M0 0.1 — — — M1 0.1 — 0.25 5 M2 0.1 0.05 — — M3 0.1 0.025 0.25 5 M4 0.1 0.1 0.25 5 M5 0.1 0.05 0.25 0 M6 0.1 0.05 0.25 3 M7 0.1 0.05 0.25 5 M8 0.1 0.05 0.25 7 
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