熔融沉积3D打印机送丝机构挤出轮的研究

郭根清; 王克用

doi:10.12299/jsues.22-0287

熔融沉积3D打印机送丝机构挤出轮的研究

doi: 10.12299/jsues.22-0287

郭根清,
王克用^,

上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院, 上海201620

详细信息

作者简介:
郭根清（1997−），男，硕士，研究方向为3D打印. E-mail：genqing_guo@126.com

通讯作者:
王克用（1975−），男，副教授，博士，研究方向为高性能有限元和3D打印协同系统. E-mail：keyong_wang@126.com

中图分类号: TH164
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- 文章访问数: 237
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-30

Investigations on extrusion gear of feed mechanism of fused deposition 3D printer

GUO Genqing,
WANG Keyong^,

School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

摘要

摘要: 送丝装置作为熔融沉积成型（FDM） 3D打印机的核心部件之一，负责将打印耗材送入喷嘴，并完成打印. 挤出轮是整个送丝装置的关键零件，整机工作时，挤出轮与打印耗材直接接触，依靠摩擦将打印耗材送入喷嘴. 通过试验方式，研究挤出轮的齿形和齿数，对打印过程进给量以及打印件的质量进行分析. 结果表明，斜齿挤出轮的挤出效率高于直齿和凹形齿，但在高速情况下会发生跳齿现象. 在工作时，挤出轮的齿数越多，实际进给量越接近理论值.
- 送丝装置 /
- 熔融沉积成型 /
- 挤出轮 /
- 进给量
Abstract: As one of the core components of the fused deposition 3D printer, the feed mechanism is responsible for feeding the filaments into the nozzle and completing the printing. The extrusion gear is the key part of the entire feed mechanism. When the whole machine is working, the extrusion gear is in direct contact with the filaments, and the filaments are fed into the nozzle by friction. The tooth shape and number of teeth of the extrusion gears are studied by means of experiments, and the feed rate in the printing process and the quality of the printed parts are mainly analyzed. The results show that the extrusion efficiency of the helical extrusion gear is higher than that of the straight and concave teeth, but the phenomenon of tooth skipping occurs at a high speed. When working, the more teeth of the extrusion gear, the closer the actual feed is to the theoretical value.
- feed mechanism /
- fused deposition modeling (FDM) /
- extrusion gear /
- feed volume

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图 1 耗材挤出原理图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of consumable extrusion

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 挤出轮齿数

Figure 2. Teeth numbers of extrusion gear

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 挤出轮齿形

Figure 3. Tooth profiles of extrusion gear

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 测试模型

Figure 4. Test model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 挤出轮步进值

Table 1. Extrusion gear step value

挤出轮	直径/mm	步长/mm⁻¹
a~c	11	92.599
d	10	101.859
e	8	127.324
f	11.6	87.810

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 打印参数设置

Table 2. Printing parameter settings

工艺参数	参数值
喷嘴直径/ mm	0.4
喷嘴温度/ ℃	215
层高/ mm	0.2
打印速度/ (mm•s⁻¹)	40
热床温度/ ℃	55
打印材料	PLA +
材料密度/ (g•cm⁻³)	1.25

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 相同打印参数下各挤出轮的测试模型打印件质量

Table 3. Test model print quality of each extrusion gear under the same printing parameters

挤出轮	理论值/g	实测值/g			平均值/g	误差率/%
挤出轮	理论值/g	模型1	模型2	模型3	平均值/g	误差率/%
a	2.04	1.82	1.77	1.77	1.787	12.42
b	2.04	1.84	1.84	1.82	1.833	10.13
c	2.04	1.83	1.81	1.82	1.820	10.78
d	2.04	1.81	1.80	1.80	1.803	11.60
f	2.04	1.88	1.89	1.84	1.870	8.33

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 挤出速度为5 mm/s时，各挤出轮的理论进给量和测量进给量

Table 4. Theoretical and measured feeds of each extrusion gears when the extrusion speed is 5 mm/s

理论值/mm	挤出轮a		挤出轮b		挤出轮c		挤出轮d		挤出轮f
理论值/mm	测量值/mm	误差率/%	测量值/mm	误差率/%	测量值/mm	误差率/%	测量值/mm	误差率/%	测量值/mm	误差率/%
5	4.86	2.80	4.91	1.80	4.91	1.80	4.86	2.80	4.89	2.20
10	9.82	1.80	9.86	1.40	9.81	1.90	9.84	1.60	9.90	1.00
15	14.78	1.47	14.85	1.00	14.75	1.67	14.76	1.60	14.78	1.47
20	19.74	1.30	19.76	1.20	19.81	0.95	19.68	1.60	19.77	1.15
25	24.67	1.32	24.70	1.20	24.74	1.04	24.62	2.48	24.66	1.36
30	29.63	1.23	29.58	1.40	29.64	1.20	29.41	2.03	29.87	0.43

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