纳米流体微量润滑加工Ti6Al4V的流场和传热机理研究

卢琨; 吴淑晶; 张诚; 王大中

doi:10.12299/jsues.24-0030

纳米流体微量润滑加工Ti6Al4V的流场和传热机理研究

doi: 10.12299/jsues.24-0030

上海工程技术大学化学化工学院, 上海 201620

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（5217541），上海市自然科学基金（23ZR1425600）

详细信息

作者简介:
卢琨：卢　琨（1995 − ），男，硕士生，研究方向为流体微量润滑加工。E-mail：lukun0v587@163.com

通讯作者:
吴淑晶（1968 − ），女，教授，博士，研究方向为复合材料智能制造。E-mail：wushujing168@126.com

中图分类号: TG456
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-29
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-19

Study on flow field and heat transfer mechanism of nanofluid minimal quantity lubrication machining for Ti6Al4V

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

摘要

摘要: 在微量润滑(MQL)基础油中添加氧化铝(Al₂O₃)纳米颗粒形成纳米流体微量润滑(NMQL)，采用NMQL加工可以进一步改善摩擦学状态，提高工件加工表面质量。建立三维计算流体动力学(CFD)模型并进行模拟分析，开展NMQL加工Ti6Al4V过程中的流场和传热机理研究。对CFD模型开展不同流量和入口压力等参数交叉分析，探讨不同冷却条件下NMQL对切削热的影响规律及最佳工艺参数的选择原则。进行湍流两相流和传热的有限元分析，总结在MQL基础油中添加 Al₂O₃)纳米颗粒对刀具表面温度分布的影响规律。研究结果表明，刀具的平均温度随着Al₂O₃纳米粒子质量分数的增加呈现降低趋势，刀尖附近最高温度平均降幅约为6%，有效改善了切削区域的温度分布状态。在纳米流体微量润滑加工Ti6Al4V的流场和传热方面进行探索，可为Ti6Al4V等难加工材料的加工方式和加工机理研究提供借鉴。
- 纳米流体微量润滑 /
- 氧化铝纳米颗粒 /
- 计算流体动力学 /
- 切削温度
Abstract: The addition of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticle to minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) base oils forms nanofluid minimal quantity lubrication (NMQL). Using NMQL machining can further enhance the tribological state and improve the surface quality of workpiece. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model was developed and simulated to investigate the flow field and heat transfer mechanism during NMQL machining of Ti6Al4V. Through the CFD model, a parametric cross-analysis of different flow rates and inlet pressures was conducted to explore the effects of NMQL on cutting heat under various cooling conditions and the selection principles of optimal process parameters. Finite element analysis of turbulent two-phase flow and heat transfer was performed to sumrize the effect of adding Al₂O₃ nanoparticle to MQL base oil on the temperature distribution across the tool surface. The results show that the average tool temperature decreases with increasing Al₂O₃ nanoparticle concentration, and the maximum temperature near the tool tip decreases by about 6% on average, thus effectively improving the temperature distribution in the cutting area. The exploration of the flow field and heat transfer during NMQL machining of Ti6Al4V can provide valuable references for studying machining modes and mechanisms of difficult-to-process materials such as Ti6Al4V, offering both theoretical significance and application value.
- nanofluid minimal quantity lubrication (NMQL) /
- aluminum oxide nanoparticles /
- computational fluid dynamic (CFD) /
- cutting temperature

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图 1 三维计算流体动力学模型

Figure 1. 3D computational fluid dynamic model

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图 2 加热壁面区域

Figure 2. Area of heating wall

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图 3 模型网格划分

Figure 3. Model grid division

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图 4 切削液中w(Al₂O₃)对刀具温度分布的影响

Figure 4. Effect of w(Al₂O₃) in cutting fluid on tool temperature distribution

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图 5 前刀面温度分布

Figure 5. Temperature distribution of front cutting surface

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图 6 w(Al₂O₃)对湍流强度的影响规律

Figure 6. Influence of w(Al₂O₃) on turbulence intensity

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图 7 w(Al₂O₃)对湍流强度的影响对比

Figure 7. Effect comparison of w(Al₂O₃) on turbulence intensity

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表 1 基础油的性质参数

Table 1. MQL base oil properties

ρ_bf/ (kg·m⁻³)	C_bf/ (J·(kg·K)⁻¹)	K_bf/ (W·(m·K)⁻¹)	μ_bf/ (kg·ms⁻¹)
920	1670	0.58	0.066

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表 2 Al₂O₃纳米粒子的性质参数

Table 2. Al₂O₃ nanoparticle properties

ρ_p/（kg·m⁻³）	C_p/（J·(kg·K)⁻¹）	K_p/（W·(m·K)⁻¹）
3800	800	30

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表 3 纳米流体雾的性质参数

Table 3. Properties of nanofluids’ mist

参数	w(Al₂O₃)=0.5%	w(Al₂O₃)=1%	w(Al₂O₃)=1.5%
ρ_mist /(kg·m⁻³)	414.14	418.70	421.33
µ_mist/((N·s)·m⁻²)	0.0318	0.0325	0.0343
K_mist/(W·(m·K)⁻¹)	0.5645	0.5774	0.5902
C_mist/(J·(kg·K)⁻¹)	1441.32	1570.18	1703.21

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