超声振动辅助钻削Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V叠层材料机理研究

张烨锴; 王大中; 刘胜; 朱大伟

doi:10.12299/jsues.24-0033

超声振动辅助钻削Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V叠层材料机理研究

doi: 10.12299/jsues.24-0033

上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院, 上海 201620

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（52175421）

详细信息

作者简介:
张烨锴（1998 − ），男，硕士生，研究方向为复合材料切削加工技术。E-mail：a17857217085@163.com

通讯作者:
王大中（1966 − ），男，教授，博士，研究方向为复合材料智能加工。E-mail：wdzh168@126.com

中图分类号: TP273
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- 文章访问数: 8
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-01
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-19

Mechanism study on ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling of Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V laminated materials

School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

摘要

摘要: 分析不同转速和振动轨迹下Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V叠层材料的超声振动辅助钻削加工过程。采用有限元软件开展钻削过程数值模拟，在振动辅助钻削Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V条件下对钻削力、热量及分层等进行分析。结果表明，采用传统钻削（CD）、轴向振动辅助钻削（UAD）、纵扭振动辅助钻削（EUAD）不同切削方式，钻削力与温度均有明显改变。分层方面，铝合金比钛合金更容易受热软化效应的影响，发生抬升分层的可能性更大。钛合金底部失去支撑，发生推离分层可能性较大。采用超声振动改变各层受力，降低了钻削过程中钻削力、温度与分层缺陷。研究发现，低转速下EUAD有优越的钻削性能，对轴向力、扭矩与温度的降低分别达到30%以上，而高转速下其效果分别下降20%以上。
- 超声振动 /
- 钻削 /
- Al7075-T6 /Ti6Al4V叠层材料 /
- 有限元法
Abstract: The ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling process of Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V under varying rotational speeds and vibration trajectories was analyzed. The drilling process was simulated using the finite element software Deform, with detailed analysis conducted on the workpiece's drilling force, heat and delamination under vibration assisted conditions. The simulation results show that in the thermo-mechanical coupling model of titanium alloy and aluminum alloy drilling, the most significant changes in drilling force and temperature occur when comparing conventional drilling (CD), axial vibration assisted drilling (UAD), and longitudinal torsional vibration assisted drilling (EUAD) model. In terms of delamination, aluminum alloy is more prone to the thermal softening effect than titanium alloy, and the possibility of uplift delamination is greater. The bottom of titanium alloy loses support, and the possibility of pushing away delamination is also high. Ultrasonic vibration changes the force distribution of each layer, reducing the drilling force, temperature and delamination defects during the drilling process. It reveals that EUAD exhibits performance at low rotational speeds, achieving over 30% reduction in axial force, torque and temperature exceeds , whereas its effectiveness decreases by more than 20% at high speed.
- ultrasonic vibration /
- drilling /
- Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V laminated material /
- finite element method

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图 1 有限元模型

Figure 1. Finite element model

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图 2 试验流程图

Figure 2. Experimental flowchart

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图 3 试验结果与仿真结果对比

Figure 3. Comparison of test with simulation results

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图 4 振动轨迹图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of vibration trajectory

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图 5 轴向力变化图

Figure 5. Torque variation diagram

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图 6 扭矩变化图

Figure 6. Torque variation diagram

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图 7 不同转速下Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V钻削的温度分布云图

Figure 7. Temperature distribution cloud maps of Al7075-T6/Ti6Al4V drilling at different rotational speeds

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图 8 分层形貌图

Figure 8. Stratified topography

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图 9 最高温度随转速变化

Figure 9. Maximum temperature variation with rotational speed

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图 10 分层区域示意图

Figure 10. Illustration of delamination area

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图 11 分层直径变化

Figure 11. Variation of delamination diameter

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表 1 刀具参数

Table 1. Tool parameters

顶角θ/(°)	直径D₀/mm	凿边厚度h/mm	螺旋角β/(°)	棱角α/(°)
140	6	1.5	30	60

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表 2 工件材料物理属性

Table 2. Workpiece material property

属性	Ti6Al4V	Al7075-T6
密度/（kg·m⁻³）	4430	2810
热膨胀系数/(μm·(m℃)⁻¹)	1×10⁻⁵	2.2×10⁻⁵
杨氏模量/GPa	105	71.7
泊松比	0.3	0.25
导热系数/(W·(m·K)⁻¹）	6.7	130

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表 3 J-C参数^[19]

Table 3. J-C parameters^[19]

材料	A	B	n	C	m	$ \dot{\stackrel{-}{{\varepsilon }_{0}}} $	T_room	T_melt
Al7075-T6	546	678	0.71	0.024	1.56	1	20	635
Ti6Al4V	880	331	0.80	0.012	0.34	1	20	1605

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