Study on color-changing response of photochromic polyester fabric to ultraviolet lamp irradiance
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摘要: 通过高温高压染色技术，采用红色变色微胶囊制备光致变色涤纶织物，并优化分散剂NNO质量浓度和微胶囊用量以获得织物最佳的变色效果。开展正交试验进一步研究影响光致变色织物变色效果的因素并评估织物的循环变色性能及耐摩擦牢度。试验结果表明，光致变色微胶囊质量分数为7%，分散剂质量浓度为1.0 g/L条件下，织物展现出最优的光致变色性能。紫外线辐照度是影响光致变色织物变色效果最重要的因素，对织物的色差（ΔE）影响最大。此外，所制备织物具有出色的耐摩擦性能，其中干摩擦色牢度和湿摩擦色牢度均为4~5级。经历20次紫外−可见光循环照射测试后，织物的变色色差损失仅为11.54%。Abstract: Photochromic polyester fabric was prepared using red color-changing microcapsules via high temperature and high pressure dyeing. The mass fraction of dispersant NNO and the dosage of microcapsules were optimized for the best color-changing effect. Orthogonal experiments were conducted to further investigate the factors affecting the color changing performance of the photochromic fabric, and the cyclic color-changing properties and color fastness to rubbing were evaluated. The results show that the fabric exhibits the best photochromic properties when the mass fraction of photochromic microcapsules is 7% and the dispersant mass concentration is 1.0 g/L. ultraviolet (UV) irradiance is identified as the most important factor affecting the color-changing effect, exerting the greatest influence on the color difference (ΔE) of the fabric. In addition, the fabric demonstrates excellent color fastness to rubbing, with dry and wet rubbing fastness both rated at grade 4-5. After 20 cycles of UV–visible light irradiation, the loss in color difference is only 11.54%.
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Key words:
- microcapsules /
- photochromic /
- smart textiles /
- dye /
- color-changing property
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图 2 织物变色效果的影响因素指标折线图
Figure 2. Line chart of influencing factor index of fabric color change effect
图 3 织物在不同紫外灯辐照度下的颜色变化
Figure 3. Color changes of fabrics under different UV irradiance
图 4 微胶囊浓度及紫外灯辐照度对织物色差ΔE的影响
Figure 4. Effects of microcapsule mass fraction and UV irradiance on fabric color difference ΔE
图 5 紫外−可见光循环照射次数对光致变色织物色差ΔE的影响
Figure 5. Influence of UV-visible light cycle numbers on color difference ΔE of photochromic fabrics
表 1 试验材料
Table 1. Experimental materials
名称 生产商 红色变色微胶囊 天津孚信阳光科技有限公司 分散剂NNO 广州东煜新材料有限公司 醋酸 济宁博城化工有限公司 连二亚硫酸钠 无锡市展望化工试剂有限公司 氢氧化钠 杭州高晶精细化工有限公司 100%涤纶织物 苏州凡特思纺织有限公司 
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表 2 试验仪器
Table 2. Experimental instruments
名称 型号/规格 生产商 电子天平 AI204 梅特勒-托利多仪器有限公司 可调向式打色机 DYE-24 上海千立自动化设备有限公司 VeriVide标准光源箱 CAC60 上海千实精密机电科技有限公司 电热鼓风干燥箱 101-1AB 北京陆希科技有限公司 预置式色牢度摩擦仪 Y(B)571 温州市大荣纺织仪器有限公司 紫外线黑光灯 30 W 东莞市宝翔照明科技有限公司 X-Rite分光测色仪 CIA-805 爱色丽色彩科技有限公司 分析天平 FA2004N 上海菁海仪器有限公司 电热恒温鼓风干燥箱 DHG-9070A 上海一恒科学仪器有限公司 集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器 FF-101S 巩义市于华仪器有限责任公司
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表 3 因素水平表
Table 3. Level table of factors
水平 微胶囊浓度
A/%紫外灯辐照度
B/(W·m−2)分散剂浓度
C/(g·L−1)照射时间
D/s1 3 4 0 30 2 7 15 1.0 60 3 11 30 1.5 90
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表 4 影响因素试验设计
Table 4. Experimental design of influencing factors
试验号 A/% B/(W·m−2) C/(g·L−1) D/s 1 3 4 0 30 2 3 15 1.0 60 3 3 30 1.5 90 4 7 4 0 30 5 7 15 1.0 60 6 7 30 1.5 90 7 11 4 0 30 8 11 15 1.0 60 9 11 30 1.5 90
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表 5 影响因素结果分析
Table 5. Analysis of influencing factors
试验号 A B C D ΔE 1 1 1 1 1 9.65 2 1 2 2 2 12.35 3 1 3 3 3 37.11 4 2 1 2 3 12.99 5 2 2 3 1 18.37 6 2 3 1 2 22.86 7 3 1 3 2 10.84 8 3 2 1 3 17.50 9 3 3 2 1 28.48 K1 59.10 33.48 50.01 56.50 — K2 54.22 48.21 66.31 46.05 — K3 56.81 88.45 53.82 67.59 — k1 19.70 11.16 16.67 18.83 — k2 18.07 16.07 17.94 15.35 — k3 18.94 29.48 22.10 22.53 — 极差R 1.6 18.3 5.4 7.2 — 因素影响程度 B>D>C>A — 最优方案 A1B3C2D3 —
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表 6 光致变色涤纶织物的颜色特性
Table 6. Color characteristics of photochromic polyester fabric
辐照度 L* a* b* 变色稳定后颜色 照射前 82.707 11.908 1.415 
4 W/m2 79.881 19.493 8.091 
8 W/m2 77.841 21.407 9.784 
15 W/m2 75.622 23.558 11.748 
20 W/m2 68.788 28.376 12.274 
30 W/m2 53.789 32.395 21.273 
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表 7 织物耐摩擦色牢度测试
Table 7. Test of fabric color fastness to friction
织物 耐摩擦色牢度 干摩擦布 4~5级 湿摩擦布 4~5级
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