Effects of iron overload on duodenal iron metabolism and health in rats
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摘要: 铁是维持各种生理功能所必需的微量营养素，但过量的铁因其氧化还原活性具有高度毒性。将6 ~ 7周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和铁过载组，分别给予生理盐水和150 mg/kg右旋糖酐铁连续处理4周。结果发现，铁过载显著降低大鼠体质量，增加血清铁、转铁蛋白结合铁、铁蛋白含量和转铁蛋白饱和度。铁过载组大鼠十二指肠、肝脏和脾脏铁含量显著增加，而十二指肠绒毛长度及其与隐窝深度的比值显著下降。此外，铁过载大鼠表现出与吸收和储存相关的DCYTB、DMT1、FTL和FTH的表达上调，但FPN和血清铁蛋白水平没有显著变化。以上结果表明，铁过载通过上调十二指肠铁吸收和储存蛋白表达，诱发十二指肠铁沉积和肠道损伤，为铁过载引起的十二指肠健康问题提供了理论证据。Abstract: Iron is an essential trace element for various physiological functions, yet excessive iron is highly toxic owing to its redox activity property. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, aged 6~7 weeks were randomly divided into a control group and an iron overload group. They were administered either saline or 150 mg/kg iron dextran for four consecutive weeks. The results show that iron overload significantly reduced body mass and increased serum iron, transferrin-bound iron, ferritin levels, and transferrin saturation. Elevated iron contents were observed in the duodenum, liver, and spleen of iron overloaded rats, whereas duodenal villus length and the villus-length-to-crypt-depth ratio were significantly decreased. Furthermore, an upregulation of DCYTB, DMT1, FTL, and FTH associated with absorption and storage, was observed in iron-overloaded rats, yet no significant changes were found in ferroportin (FPN) or serum ferritin levels. These findings indicate that iron overload induces duodenal iron deposition and intestinal damage by upregulating the expression of duodenal iron-absorption and storage proteins, thereby providing theoretical evidence for duodenal health issues caused by iron overload.
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Key words:
- iron overload /
- duodenum /
- iron metabolism /
- intestinal damage /
- rats
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图 4 铁过载对大鼠十二指肠铁代谢相关基因和蛋白表达的影响
Figure 4. Effects of iron overload on duodenal iron metabolism-related genes and proteins expression in iron-overloaded rats
表 1 RT-qPCR特异性引物序列
Table 1. Sequences of specific primers for RT-qPCR
目的基因 引物序列（5'→3'） 基因序列号 Dcytb F: TTCTGGACTCCTCCTCTTTGG NM_001011954.1 R: TTCTGGTGGGAATGAATGGTA Dmt1 F: TTGTCGTCTCCGTCTTTGCT NM_013173.2 R: CCAGGGTAGAGTTGTCGTTAGG Ftl F: TCCAGGATGTGCAGAAGCC NM_022500.4 R: CCCTACGGAGGTTGGTCAG Fth F: GGAACTTCACAAACTGGCTAC NM_012848.2 R: TGGATTTCACCTGCTCATT Fpn F: AGTCATTGGCTGTGGTTTC NM_ 133315.2 R: TCAAGTTCACGGATGTTAGA Gapdh F: GGAGAAACCTGCCAAGTATGA NM_017008.4 R: AATGGGAGTTGCTGTTGAAGT 注：Dcytb为十二指肠细胞色素b；Dmt1为二价金属离子转运体；Ftl为铁储存基因铁蛋白轻链；Fth为铁蛋白重链；Fpn为膜铁转运蛋白基因；Gapdh为甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶。 
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表 2 铁过载对大鼠血液铁代谢指标的影响
Table 2. Effects of iron overload on blood iron metabolism parameters in rats
指标 对照组 铁过载组 血红蛋白含量/（g·L−1） 167.50 ± 2.5 176 ± 2.67 转铁蛋白结合铁含量/（μg·mL−1） 23.68 ± 1.2 74.05 ± 2.82** 总铁结合力/（μmol·L−1） 80.27 ± 2.58 77.65 ± 2.59 不饱和铁结合力/（μmol·L−1） 56.58 ± 2.71 3.60 ± 0.50** 转铁蛋白饱和度/% 29.62 ± 1.53 95.31 ± 0.71** 铁含量/（μg·mL−1） 6.83 ± 1.27 10.68 ± 1.18* 铁蛋白含量/（ng·mL−1） 29.14 ± 1.95 44.83 ± 2.48* 注：*和**分别为差异显著（P<0.05）和差异极显著（P<0.01）。
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